Archive for month: December, 2020

1. (20 points) In a thundercloud, there may be electric charges of +50.0 C near the top of the cloud and −100.0 C near the bottom of the cloud. These charges are separated by 2.00 km. What is the electric force on the top charge?

2. (20 points) Three point charges are arranged as shown below. Find (a) the magnitude and (b) direction of the electric force on the particle at the original.

3. (20 points) Three point charges lie along a straight line as shown below, where q1 = 10.00 µC, q2 = 2.00 µC, and q3 = −5.00 µC. The separation distance are d1 = 5.00 cm and d2 = 2.00 cm. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the net electric force on (a) q1 and (b) q2.

4. (20 points) Two small beads having positive charges q1 = 3q and q2 = q are fixed at the opposite ends of a horizontal insulating rod of length d = 2 m. The bead with charge q1 is at the origin. As shown below, a third small, charged bead is free to slide on the rod. At what position x is the third bead in equilibrium?

5. (20 points) Two small metallic spheres, each of mass m = 0.100 g, are suspended as pendulums by light strings of length L as shown below. The spheres are given the same electric charge of 10.0 nC, and they come to equilibrium when each string is at an angle of θ = 5.00◦ with the vertical. How long is the strings?

Annual pharmacy drug cost has increased from $10,300,000 to $16,800,000 in the past five years. The hospital is experiencing an increase in drug cost even though actual drug usage has remained stable.

Along with the increase in drug cost, drug related errors have also increased. Patient safety has become an even more serious issue. As you know, patient safety is the number one item on the national health care agenda for the next several years.

At the hospital the number of dispensing errors has increased by two percent during the past twelve months. The registered nurses who are administering the drugs have discovered many of the dispensing errors; however, the ones not discovered resulted in patients getting the wrong drug, wrong dosage, and/or the wrong frequency. When the overall drug error rate was analyzed, it was found that dispensing errors in the pharmacy were the number one cause. The overall drug error rate had increased from three percent to five percent.

Fortunately most of the dispensing errors were discovered before the medications were administered to the patients. When the incorrect drugs were administered, it resulted in adverse effects in three cases. One patient received the right medication but the wrong dosage because the medication label was incorrect. This patient had to be admitted overnight to the Intensive Care Unit for intense cardiac and respiratory monitoring. The patient stayed in ICU for approximately twenty-four hours. Another patient received the wrong medication on the day of planned discharge and had to remain in the hospital for an additional day, though only for observation. In the third case, the patient had reported that he was allergic to a certain category of drugs, but nonetheless received a drug of that type. He had an adverse reaction–a rash–which delayed his discharge by one day.

On the basis of your understanding of the above case study, express your views on the following:

• What measures should be adopted to reduce the overall drug error rate in the hospital?
• What special benefits should be given to the patients who have suffered due to negligence by the hospital staff for wrong drug administration and other reasons?
• In your opinion, should the hospital staff who were responsible for the dispensing errors be held personally liable for the errors? Why or why not?

Need someone help me do cell bio homework.

***** Choose any/ ONLY 10 questions*****

• Polysaccharides offer possibilities of enormous structural complexity. How does this arise? Compare and contrast polysaccharides with polynucleotides and polypeptides.
• Life, at least in the form found on Earth, could not exist without water. Why is water so important in living systems?
• If you were designing a DNA-based genetic code from scratch (one that still uses the four bases A, T, C and G and which still specifies 20 amino acids) how might the present code be improved?
• Glucocorticoid hormones are among the many regulators of gene expression in humans. Describe the key steps that lead to a change in gene regulation when the hormone enters the cell.
• You have learned that the sequence of amino acids in a protein contains all of the information necessary to specify the final structure, and that a completely disordered polypeptide chain will refold into the correct shape if allowed to do so. Insulin is a small protein that consists of two chains held together by disulphide bonds. It is made by synthesis of a larger, single chain called proinsulin that undergoes post translational modification, including proteolysis, to make the active hormone. If one dissolves insulin in 8 moles liter-1 urea plus a reagent to break the disulphide bonds and then slowly removes urea and reagent the activity does NOT return to a significant extent. Suggest an explanation of this paradox – why is insulin folded correctly the first time it is made, but cannot fold correctly if artificially disordered and then allowed to reform?
• Why is fusing vesicles to a membrane or pulling vesicles off a membrane an intrinsically difficult thing to do? How is the cell thought to accomplish these steps?
• What happens in a lysosome? Where do its contents come from?
• We have listed NADH as one of the four principle cell energy currencies, but many professors think this classification is inappropriate. Explain what is meant by the term energy currency, and argue the case that NADH should not be described as an energy currency.
• Oligomycin is an antibiotic that blocks ATP synthase. If mitochondria are treated with oligomycin what will happen to their oxygen consumption (assume that they have adequate supplies of ADP, phosphate and acetyl CoA)? Why does this happen?
• Explain the concepts of (membrane-bound) channel and carrier. How can these two be so similar structurally, yet so different thermodynamically?
• Explain how the properties of the voltage-gated sodium channel make possible the generation of the action potential.
• What is an intracellular messenger? Many scientists include inositol trisphosphate (IP3) as an intracellular messenger. Discuss this question, giving arguments for and against the inclusion of IP3 in the list of intracellular messengers.
• Describe some of the signaling pathways downstream of activated receptor tyrosine kinases. How is it that different receptor tyrosine kinases on the surface of the same cell can have different downstream effects?
• Explain how the processes of mitosis and meiosis operate to ensure that progeny cells end up with, respectively, two and one complete copies of the genome. Explain the process and function of meiotic recombination.
• Discuss the internal and external cues that control whether a vertebrate cell initiates apoptosis

Research different popular nontraditional health care practices. Write a 1,000-1,200 word paper exploring nontraditional health care practices and include the following:

• Describe nontraditional health care practices in different cultures. Compare at least three cultures.
• Explain how these practices affect wellness and prevention in different cultures.
• Identify the nontraditional health care options in your areas, and identify the number of people choosing to use them over traditional medical practices. Propose reasons why the number of people using nontraditional health care options is rising.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

References Required

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.